huguenot surnames in germany huguenot surnames in germany

. [74] Upon their arrival in New Amsterdam, Huguenots were offered land directly across from Manhattan on Long Island for a permanent settlement and chose the harbour at the end of Newtown Creek, becoming the first Europeans to live in Brooklyn, then known as Boschwick, in the neighbourhood now known as Bushwick. The museum is situated on the second floor of the tourist information centre, and entry cost us 4.50 each fora ticket that is valid for a year. Below is a partial list of Huguenot Ancestors who relate to current Members of the Society. And yet another fact hard to deny is that the Huguenot French component seems to have persevered to a greater extent culturally than the German. There have been many migrations in Europe since the Middle . L'Eglise du Saint-Esprit in New York, founded in 1628, is older, but it left the French Reformed movement in 1804 to become part of the Episcopal Church. The Dutch as part of New Amsterdam later claimed this land, along with New York and the rest of New Jersey. This was about 21% of all the recorded Hubert's in USA. As both spoke French in daily life, their court church in the Prinsenhof in Delft held services in French. The fort was destroyed in 1560 by the Portuguese, who captured some of the Huguenots. [33] Since the Huguenots had political and religious goals, it was commonplace to refer to the Calvinists as "Huguenots of religion" and those who opposed the monarchy as "Huguenots of the state", who were mostly nobles.[34]. Reply. A rural Huguenot community in the Cevennes that rebelled in 1702 is still being called Camisards, especially in historical contexts. While the Huguenot population was at one time fairly large, these names are not now common though they are still seen in some street names and The English authorities welcomed the French refugees, providing money from both government and private agencies to aid their relocation. [16] Hans J. Hillerbrand, an expert on the subject, in his Encyclopedia of Protestantism: 4-volume Set claims the Huguenot community reached as much as 10% of the French population on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, declining to 7 to 8% by the end of the 16th century, and further after heavy persecution began once again with the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV in 1685. The Portuguese threatened their Protestant prisoners with death if they did not convert to Roman Catholicism. While most of the settlers in Volga (and later Black Sea) villages were German, there were also settlers from other European countries. It moved to Rochester in 1959, and now provides sheltered homes for fifty-five residents. The Dutch Republic rapidly became a destination for Huguenot exiles. It is the last name of former New York Yankees baseball player, Derek Jeter. The Huguenots were French Protestants most of whom eventually came to follow the teachings of John Calvin, and who, due to religious persecution, were forced to flee France to other countries in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Some fled as refugees to the Dutch Cape Colony, the Dutch East Indies, various Caribbean colonies, and several of the Dutch and English colonies in North America. "The Secret War of Elizabeth I: England and the Huguenots during the early Wars of Religion, 1562-77. After centuries, most Huguenots have assimilated into the various societies and cultures where they settled. ", Michael Green, "Bridging the English Channel: Huguenots in the educational milieu of the English upper class.". The city's political institutions and the university were all handed over to the Huguenots. Other evidence of the Walloons and Huguenots in Canterbury includes a block of houses in Turnagain Lane, where weavers' windows survive on the top floor, as many Huguenots worked as weavers. Soon, they became enraged with the Dutch trading tactics, and drove out the settlers. The French Confession of 1559 shows a decidedly Calvinistic influence. Typically the Annual French Service takes place on the first or second Sunday after Easter in commemoration of the signing of the Edict of Nantes. [78] Howard Hughes, famed investor, pilot, film director, and philanthropist, was also of Huguenot descent and descendant from Rev. If you would like any more information, please email admin@huguenotmuseum.org or call on 01634 789 347. Gt. One of the most active Huguenot groups is in Charleston, South Carolina. 3rd. Long after the sect was suppressed by Francis I, the remaining French Waldensians, then mostly in the Luberon region, sought to join Farel, Calvin and the Reformation, and Olivtan published a French Bible for them. Other editions - View all. The Huguenots were French Calvinists, active mostly in the sixteenth century. On 12 May 1705, the Virginia General Assembly passed an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots still resident at Manakintown. Fanatically opposed to the Catholic Church, the Huguenots killed priests, monks, and nuns, attacked monasticism, and destroyed sacred images, relics, and church buildings. During the eighteen months of the reign of Francis II, Mary encouraged a policy of rounding up French Huguenots on charges of heresy and putting them in front of Catholic judges, and employing torture and burning as punishments for dissenters. [citation needed], Following the accidental death of Henry II in 1559, his son succeeded as King Francis II along with his wife, the Queen Consort, also known as Mary, Queen of Scots. A large monument to commemorate the arrival of the Huguenots in South Africa was inaugurated on 7 April 1948 at Franschhoek. Research genealogy for Alma Levi Russell Russell, as well as other members of the Russell family, on Ancestry. In France, Calvinists in the United Protestant Church of France and also some in the Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine consider themselves Huguenots. The first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good Hope was Maria de la Quellerie, wife of commander Jan van Riebeeck (and daughter of a Walloon church minister), who arrived on 6 April 1652 to establish a settlement at what is today Cape Town. It proved disastrous to the Huguenots and costly for France. One of the most prominent Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands was Pierre Bayle. Mine started well with 2 Huguenot children, Peter and Mary Petit, arriving from France all alone. These included villages in and around the Massif Central, as well as the area around Dordogne, which used to be almost entirely Reformed too. A series of religious conflicts followed, known as the French Wars of Religion, fought intermittently from 1562 to 1598. Our research is done by experienced and dedicated . [citation needed], By 1620, the Huguenots were on the defensive, and the government increasingly applied pressure. English (of French Huguenot origin): Anglicized form of French Le Groux (see Groux) or Le Greux. The couple left for Batavia ten years later. The collection includes family histories, a library, and a picture archive. The superstition of our ancestors, to within twenty or thirty years thereabouts, was such that in almost all the towns in the kingdom they had a notion that certain spirits underwent their Purgatory in this world after death, and that they went about the town at night, striking and outraging many people whom they found in the streets. Genealogy Resources (Tutorial) This simple tutorial is prepared to assist you in performing research in the former German Reichslnder of Elsa-Lothringen, today's French regions of Alsace-Moselle. Flemish and Huguenot surnames were common in Zeeland. In the Dutch-speaking North of France, Bible students who gathered in each other's houses to study secretly were called Huis Genooten ("housemates") while on the Swiss and German borders they were termed Eid Genossen, or "oath fellows", that is, persons bound to each other by an oath. Two years later, with the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen of 1789, Protestants gained equal rights as citizens.[4]. The ties between Huguenots and the Dutch Republic's military and political leadership, the House of Orange-Nassau, which existed since the early days of the Dutch Revolt, helped support the many early settlements of Huguenots in the Dutch Republic's colonies. Is an Index of family names appearing in "Huguenot Trails", the official publication of the Huguenot Society of Canada, from 1968 to 2003. The battle between Huguenots and Catholics in France also . New Rochelle, located in the county of Westchester on the north shore of Long Island Sound, seemed to be the great location of the Huguenots in New York. The Huguenots are generally well-documented and it is often possible to trace them to their French home town. This group of Huguenots from southern France had frequent issues with the strict Calvinist tenets that are outlined in many of John Calvin's letters to the synods of the Languedoc. [16] This is true for many areas in the west and south controlled by the Huguenot nobility. huguenotstreet.org is ranked #2002 in the Hobbies and Leisure > Ancestry and Genealogy category and #7843378 Globally according to January 2023 data. [56], Montpellier was among the most important of the 66 villes de sret ('cities of protection' or 'protected cities') that the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots. Research in these areas can be quite challenging. The Hubert family name was found in the USA, the UK, Canada, and Scotland between 1840 and 1920. du Pont, a former student of Lavoisier, established the Eleutherian gunpowder mills. Examples include the Huguenot District and French Church Street in Cork City; and D'Olier Street in Dublin, named after a High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland. [46], In what became known as the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre of 24 August 3 October 1572, Catholics killed thousands of Huguenots in Paris and similar massacres took place in other towns in the following weeks. Huguenot Church The origin of the name Huguenot is unknown but believed to have been derived from combining phrases in German and Flemish that described their practice of home worship. Some remained, practicing their Faith in secret. By 17 September, almost 25,000 Protestants had been massacred in Paris alone. See my info below about how to contact Alsace-Lorraine, the two provinces where many Huguenots once lived. By 1700 one fifth of the city's population was French-speaking. 4,000 emigrated to the Thirteen Colonies, where they settled, especially in New York, the Delaware River Valley in Eastern Pennsylvania, New Jersey,[22] and Virginia. Eric J. Roth, "From Protestant International to Hudson Valley Provincial: A Case Study of Language Use and Ethnicity in New Paltz, New York, 16781834". Skip Ancestry navigation Main Menu Home Some Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt (15681609). The most detailed account that Historic Huguenot Street has of an enslaved person's life in the area comes from the early 19th century, from the famed abolitionist Sojourner Truth, who was born into slavery in Ulster County. [84] This was a huge influx as the entire population of the Dutch Republic amounted to c.2million at that time. The surname Martin of French origin (see 1 above) is listed in the (US) National Huguenot Society's register of qualified . In the 18th century Germany looked to France as the model of civilization. [13], The Huguenot cross is the distinctive emblem of the Huguenots (croix huguenote). He exaggerated the decline, but the dragonnades were devastating for the French Protestant community. I.". In October 1985, to commemorate the tricentenary of the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes, President Franois Mitterrand of France announced a formal apology to the descendants of Huguenots around the world. German: northern variant of Grob.North German: habitational name from any of several places called Grove or Groven in . For over 150 years, Huguenots were allowed to hold their services in Lady Chapel in St. Patrick's Cathedral. Most South African Huguenots settled in the, The majority of Australians with French ancestry are descended from Huguenots. The Prime Minister of South Africa from 1958-1966 was born in the Netherlands. Today I'm compiling a book titled, A JOURNEY THROUGH TIME: The changing fortunes of the Petit Family. The Protestant Reformation began by Martin Luther in Germany . English: topographic name for someone who lived by a grove or thicket from Middle English grove Old English grf or a habitational name from any of various places so named. Kathy is a member of the Huguenot Society. [65] Most are concentrated in Alsace in northeast France and the Cvennes mountain region in the south, who still regard themselves as Huguenots to this day. [125] At the same time, the government released a special postage stamp in their honour reading "France is the home of the Huguenots" (Accueil des Huguenots). Augeron Mickal, Didier Poton et Bertrand Van Ruymbeke, dir.. Augeron Mickal, John de Bry, Annick Notter, dir., This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 16:02. It is now located at Soho Square. Both kingdoms, which had enjoyed peaceful relations until 1685, became bitter enemies and fought each other in a series of wars, called the "Second Hundred Years' War" by some historians, from 1689 onward. They were regarded as groups supporting the French Republic, which Action Franaise sought to overthrow. The Huguenots adapted quickly and often married outside their immediate French communities. [63] It states in article 3: "This application does not, however, affect the validity of past acts by the person or rights acquired by third parties on the basis of previous laws. The last active Huguenot congregation in North America worships in Charleston, South Carolina, at a church that dates to 1844. In Berlin the Huguenots created two new neighbourhoods: Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt. [9] Reguier de la Plancha (d. 1560) in his De l'Estat de France offered the following account as to the origin of the name, as cited by The Cape Monthly: Reguier de la Plancha accounts for it [the name] as follows: "The name huguenand was given to those of the religion during the affair of Amboyse, and they were to retain it ever since. A French church in Portarlington dates back to 1696,[113] and was built to serve the significant new Huguenot community in the town. At Middletown, twenty-seven miles from Lancaster . Many came from the region of the Cvennes, for instance, the village of Fraissinet-de-Lozre. [citation needed], These tensions spurred eight civil wars, interrupted by periods of relative calm, between 1562 and 1598. Other refugees practised the variety of occupations necessary to sustain the community as distinct from the indigenous population. Of the refugees who arrived on the Kent coast, many gravitated towards Canterbury, then the . Individual Huguenots settled at the Cape of Good Hope from as early as 1671; the first documented was the wagonmaker Franois Vilion (Viljoen). The practice has continued to the present day. He started teaching in Rotterdam, where he finished writing and publishing his multi-volume masterpiece, Historical and Critical Dictionary. Several prominent German military, cultural and political figures were ethnic Huguenot, including the poet Theodor Fontane,[120] General Hermann von Franois,[121] the hero of the First World War's Battle of Tannenberg, Luftwaffe general and fighter ace Adolf Galland,[122] the Luftwaffe flying ace Hans-Joachim Marseille and the famed U-boat Captains Lothar von Arnauld de la Perire and Wilhelm Souchon. The exodus brought new crafts and practices to the host nations and represented a substantial loss to the former nation states. By 1687 Huguenots made up about 20 percent of the population of Berlin, making Berlin seem almost as much a French town as a German one. FAQs; Blog; Past Newsletters; Scrapbook; Huguenot Names. Apart from the French village name and that of the local rugby team, Fleur De Lys RFC, little remains of the French heritage. ", Mark Greengrass, "Protestant exiles and their assimilation in early modern England. Isaac moved to Mannheim, on the Rhein River, in the German state of Baden and married a cousin and fellow French Huguenot emigrant, Esther SY (also spelled SEE), in 1657. Their fourth child, Isaac Jr., was born in 1681, after the family moved to New . [93][94] The immigrants assimilated well in terms of using English, joining the Church of England, intermarriage and business success. Jean Cauvin (John Calvin), another student at the University of Paris, also converted to Protestantism. After the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, several Huguenots including Edmund Bohun of Suffolk, England, Pierre Bacot of Touraine France, Jean Postell of Dieppe France, Alexander Pepin, Antoine Poitevin of Orsement France, and Jacques de Bordeaux of Grenoble, immigrated to the Charleston Orange district. The kingdom did not fully recover for years. The Huguenots of Guanabara, as they are now known, produced what is known as the Guanabara Confession of Faith to explain their beliefs. It was named New Rochelle after La Rochelle, their former strong-hold in France. Huguenot rebellions in the 1620s resulted in the abolition of their political and military privileges. [16], Among the nobles, Calvinism peaked on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre. ), Swiss political leader) of dialectal eyguenot, from German dialectal Eidgenosse, confederate, from Middle High German eitgenz : eit . The warfare was definitively quelled in 1598, when Henry of Navarre, having succeeded to the French throne as Henry IV, and having recanted Protestantism in favour of Roman Catholicism in order to obtain the French crown, issued the Edict of Nantes. Huguenot refugees also settled in the Delaware River Valley of Eastern Pennsylvania and Hunterdon County, New Jersey in 1725. [103][104] The only reference to immigrant lacemakers in this period is of twenty-five widows who settled in Dover,[101] and there is no contemporary documentation to support there being Huguenot lacemakers in Bedfordshire. They established a major weaving industry in and around Spitalfields (see Petticoat Lane and the Tenterground) in East London. Whilst searching for a rellie who may have gone by a surname that is the anglicised version of a French word (Francois becomming Francewar), I found a few more French names in St Peter's records. some French members of the largely German, Four-term Republican United States Representative. French Huguenots made two attempts to establish a haven in North America. Joyce D. Goodfriend, "The social dimensions of congregational life in colonial New York city". By the start of the French and Indian War, the North American front of the Seven Years' War, a sizeable population of Huguenot descent lived in the British colonies, and many participated in the British defeat of New France in 17591760.[119]. [87] London financed the emigration of many to England and its colonies around 1700. Past and current members have joined the Huguenot Society of America by right of descent from the following Huguenot ancestors who qualify under the constitution of the Society. [citation needed] In 1705, Amsterdam and the area of West Frisia were the first areas to provide full citizens rights to Huguenot immigrants, followed by the whole Dutch Republic in 1715. Ancient relics and texts were destroyed; the bodies of saints exhumed and burned. [42][43], The French Wars of Religion began with the Massacre of Vassy on 1 March 1562, when dozens[8] (some sources say hundreds[44]) of Huguenots were killed, and about 200 were wounded. The main provincial towns and cities experiencing massacres were Aix, Bordeaux, Bourges, Lyons, Meaux, Orlans, Rouen, Toulouse, and Troyes.[47]. The Pennsylvania-German, Volume 12 . Dutch immigrants were among the first groups of European settlers. Menndez' forces routed the French and executed most of the Protestant captives. They purchased from John Pell, Lord of Pelham Manor, a tract of land consisting of six thousand one hundred acres with the help of Jacob Leisler. A series of three small civil wars known as the Huguenot rebellions broke out, mainly in southwestern France, between 1621 and 1629 in which the Reformed areas revolted against royal authority. In 1825, this privilege was reduced to the south aisle and in 1895 to the former chantry chapel of the Black Prince. You can see a list of Huguenot surnames at Huguenot-France.org and another list of those who migrated to the UK and Ireland at LibraryIreland. The label Huguenot was purportedly first applied in France to those conspirators (all of them aristocratic members of the Reformed Church) who were involved in the Amboise plot of 1560: a foiled attempt to wrest power in France from the influential and zealously Catholic House of Guise. [112] Significant Huguenot settlements were in Dublin, Cork, Portarlington, Lisburn, Waterford and Youghal. Another Huguenot cemetery is located off French Church Street in Cork. However, in France, the name France is ranked the 2,810 th . Around 1294, a French version of the Scriptures was prepared by the Roman Catholic priest, Guyard des Moulins. Huguenots with that surname are not only found in French Switzerland, but also emigrated from . [91][92] The immigrants included many skilled craftsmen and entrepreneurs who facilitated the economic modernisation of their new home, in an era when economic innovations were transferred by people rather than through printed works. A couple of ships with around 500 people arrived at the Guanabara Bay, present-day Rio de Janeiro, and settled on a small island. They did not promote French-language schools or publications and "lost" their historic identity. [99] Huguenot refugees flocked to Shoreditch, London. [100] In Wandsworth, their gardening skills benefited the Battersea market gardens. When in 1808 a law signed by Napoleon forced all French Jews to take hereditary surnames, local Jews retained the family names they used for many centuries such as Crmieu (x), Milhaud, Monteux . Some Huguenot immigrants settled in central and eastern Pennsylvania. A number of French Huguenots settled in Wales, in the upper Rhymney valley of the current Caerphilly County Borough. In the early 18th century, a regional group known as the Camisards (who were Huguenots of the mountainous Massif Central region) rioted against the Catholic Church, burning churches and killing the clergy. Some of the earliest to arrive in Australia held prominent positions in English society, notably, Others who came later were from poorer families, migrating from England in the 19th and early 20th centuries to escape the poverty of. He died on 6 May 2001, in Cudahy, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, at the age of 70, and was buried in Cudahy, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States. Persecution diminished the number of Huguenots who remained in France. Calvinists lived primarily in the Midi; about 200,000 Lutherans accompanied by some Calvinists lived in the newly acquired Alsace, where the 1648 Treaty of Westphalia effectively protected them. "[64], In the 1920s and 1930s, members of the extreme-right Action Franaise movement expressed strong animus against Huguenots and other Protestants in general, as well as against Jews and Freemasons. The Huguenots. But it was not until 31 December 1687 that the first organised group of Huguenots set sail from the Netherlands to the Dutch East India Company post at the Cape of Good Hope. The Gallicans briefly achieved independence for the French church, on the principle that the religion of France could not be controlled by the Bishop of Rome, a foreign power. A list of submitted surnames in which the usage is Hungarian (page 2). [27] The Waldensians created fortified areas, as in Cabrires, perhaps attacking an abbey. The 1709ers would have worshipped in this church that was by that time already nearly 600 years old. Gallicised into Huguenot, often used deprecatingly, the word became, during two and a half centuries of terror and triumph, a badge of enduring honour and courage. In the early years, many Huguenots also settled in the area of present-day Charleston, South Carolina. In 1562, naval officer Jean Ribault led an expedition that explored Florida and the present-day Southeastern US, and founded the outpost of Charlesfort on Parris Island, South Carolina. While people don't usually think of German and Dutch people as having Iberian DNA, as many as 18% of the population of Western Europe shows Iberian DNA, and the Netherlands and Germany fall . They founded the silk industry in England. [72][73] The wine industry in South Africa owes a significant debt to the Huguenots, some of whom had vineyards in France, or were brandy distillers, and used their skills in their new home. Long integrated into Australian society, it is encouraged by the Huguenot Society of Australia to embrace and conserve its cultural heritage, aided by the Society's genealogical research services.[67]. They also found many French-speaking Calvinist churches there (which were called the "Walloon churches"). Due to the Huguenots' early ties with the leadership of the Dutch Revolt and their own participation, some of the Dutch patriciate are of part-Huguenot descent. Nearby villages are Hengoed, and Ystrad Mynach. [28] They were suppressed by Francis I in 1545 in the Massacre of Mrindol. This ended legal recognition of Protestantism in France and the Huguenots were forced to either convert to Catholicism (possibly as Nicodemites) or flee as refugees; they were subject to violent dragonnades. Although services are conducted largely in English, every year the church holds an Annual French Service, which is conducted entirely in French using an adaptation of the Liturgies of Neufchatel (1737) and Vallangin (1772). The Huguenot Museum in Bad Karlshafen, Germany has some fascinating exhibits. In the Manakintown area, the Huguenot Memorial Bridge across the James River and Huguenot Road were named in their honour, as were many local features, including several schools, including Huguenot High School. Early Notables of the France family (pre 1700) More information is included under the topic Early France Notables in all our PDF Extended History products and printed products wherever possible.. France Ranking. In 1565 the Spanish decided to enforce their claim to La Florida, and sent Pedro Menndez de Avils, who established the settlement of St. Augustine near Fort Caroline. In Bad Karlshafen, Hessen, Germany is the Huguenot Museum and Huguenot archive. And lastly, many surnames common in the larger cities of South Holland were the Dutch versions of French and German surnames. See our Huguenot Surname Cross Surname and Variations -- Christian Name Ag / Agee / Oage -- Matthieu Allaire -- Alexandre Alle / Alley / Alie / Alyer / d'Ailly -- Nicolas The Huguenots were French Protestants who were members of the Calvinist Reformed Church that was established in 1550. By 1600, it had declined to 78%,[citation needed] and was reduced further late in the century after the return of persecution under Louis XIV, who instituted the dragonnades to forcibly convert Protestants, and then finally revoked all Protestant rights in his Edict of Fontainebleau of 1685. Stadtholder William III of Orange, who later became King of England, emerged as the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV after the French attacked the Dutch Republic in 1672. The roads to Geneva and the Valais region led to Lausanne, which was densely . The wars ended with the Edict of Nantes of 1598, which granted the Huguenots substantial religious, political and military autonomy.