Mothers are all slightly insane(Salinger 176), this shows Holdens belief that all adults are in one way or another phony. answer choices He had been expelled because he failed four of five subjects. In this chapter also will be exemplifies that Salingers fiction followed a chronological evolution, that there has been a well defined process of creating certain typical characters and that his characters evolved from the early prototypes in his short stories to the fully developed characters in his mature works, or even disappeared for good from his literary creations in a few cases. Stuff, in reference to one's privates. He desires independence because he feels that the world is an inhospitable, ugly place that, he feels, deserves only contempt. Of course, Holden himself is guilty of both these crimes. Let us know your assignment type and we'll make sure to get you exactly the kind of answer you need. I was wondering where the ducks went when the lagoon got all icy and frozen over. Out of these words, people. He wrote about Allie'e baseball mitt. Holden finally gets him to leave by beginning to work on the English assignment for Stradlater. Both false friends and false cognates can cause difficulty for students learning a foreign language, particularly one that is related to their native language, because students are likely to identify the words wrongly, because of linguistic interference. The fact that he is having this conversation with Phoebe, a child who is anything but simple and innocent, reveals the oversimplification of his worldview. [18]. Holden then asks Stradlater who the girl he was dating was. In this case it can go unnoticed in everyday conversation, like she attacked my views. He asks Holden to write a composition for him for English. For example: it was made a calques translation from miles an hour ; the places mentioned in the source text (Hollywood and New York) stay in the target text, although New York is translated into New York, which is the generally accepted Romanian translation (recognized translation). The object of this research paper can be considered as one that gives the detailed review of the translation difficulties. It was tried to achieve this aim by centering on the case study of comparing and analyzing in detail the differences and similarities, the gains and the losses that have occurred both in the English and in the Romanian versions. The author used in his work epithets in order to make the reader to see easily the true in the navel and to create interest for reading the novel which would capture readers attention quickly and without any questions. This first type of difficulty is the task of distinguishing between a use of a word as a specialized term and its use as a word of general vocabulary. Volume 17, The World book Encyclopedia, World Book Inc a Scott Fetzer Company Chicago London Sydney Toronto 1997, http://books.guardian.co.uk/adaptations/story/0,,1767434,00.html, http://www.levity.com/corduroy/salinger1.htm, http://www.salinger.org/index.php?title=Main_Page. One of the central questions that Holden asks in the book, and never receives a satisfactory answer to, is how can a young person die and the world, his family, accept it and move on with their lives. Renews March 10, 2023 Associated with the noun following it, pointing out to a feature which is essential to the object they describe; Unassimilated with the noun, epithets that add a feature which is unexpected and which strike the reader. Salinger uses symbolism from other books in his books to convey how the characters in his works will change for a better life. Educators go through a rigorous application process, and every answer they submit is reviewed by our in-house editorial team. Holden has isolated himself in an attempt to be his own savior, but Mr. Antolini's image of falling presents a more accurate image of what awaits Holden on the other side of the cliff. It thus reveals the weaknesses of Holden's romantic outlook. Holden has to be in the mood to do anything. 48 Vitosha Boulevard, ground floor, 1000, Sofia, Bulgaria Bulgarian reg. Need urgent help with your paper? Ackley has awful teeth, which he never brushes, lots of pimples, and a lousy personality, according to Holden. Others, however, nominated Salinger himself as the top-flight "catcher in the rye" for that period in American history. Statements which are justifications of some action take the form of arguments. For this reason, the translator plays an important role as a bilingual or multi-lingual cross-cultural transmitter of culture and truths by attempting to interpret concepts and speech in a variety of texts as faithfully and accurately as possible. Yes, Holden agrees with Stradlater to write composition for him because he decided to make a deal with the society. If originally published today, the novel would probably create little publicity and garner only average book sales. Ionescus translation has also accomplished its aim by the fact that it addresses young people and it uses 80-90% of their typical language, with very few exceptions (most likely limited by the social and cultural constraints of our modern society). The unexpectedness of word usage is closely connected with expressiveness of the statement. The lexical translation consists in expliciting through other words the denotative meaning of the phraseologism, giving up all the other style and connotation aspects. Salinger uses society as the source of discord in this case to be isolated from. All stylistic devices are multi functional. Finally, Holden senses sometimes that the words he is using are not quite right, that language fails him: "I don't exactly know what I mean by that," he says at one point, "but I mean it." In contextual usage of a word in poetry or prose often point to the authors penetration into the depth of the words semantic structure. ( http://www.script.com:p.15) from this example is well seen that the author used one of the meanings of the word kid. He uses letters and phone calls and he connect different ideas, like innocence and adolescence with the Hollywoods corruption. The Holy book gave him peace. Summary: Chapter 6. This is why you remain in the best website to see the incredible book to have. Chapter 4 - Catcher 2. 125, No. Sometimes only one of those meanings is intended, depending on context, and sometimes multiple meanings are intended at the same time. At the same time, he is very self-conscious about the hathe always mentions when he is wearing it, and he often doesn't wear it if he is going to be around people he knows. Along with traditional combinations in languages unexpected combinations are also possible, but they are quite clear, for they follow generally accepted semantic models of word combinability. The same types of words and phrases are used in presenting explanations and arguments. Holden tells us the symbolic meaning of the museum's displays: they appeal to him because they are frozen and unchanging. Contextual meaning of a word is always effective semantically and stylistically owing to its unexpectedness as well. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% Latest answer posted April 14, 2021 at 10:45:43 AM. assignments. Every word in a language carries some concrete notion. Free trial is available to new customers only. Killing time before his date with Sally, Holden decides to walk from Central Park to the Museum of Natural History. Each symbol has a different effect on Holden Caufields Life, emotions, and actions. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Mr. Antolini's quotation, from a psychoanalyst named Wilhelm Stekel, mean? The museum represents the world Holden wishes he could live in, a world where everything is simple, understandable, and indefinite. It also helps to improve ones understanding of the principal rules of translation which plays leading role while processing translation. The main reasons for the novels extensive banning refer to the colloquial and slang language used by Holden Caulfield and to the books sexual content. Selling the typewriter also allows Holden to establish that he is "loaded" with money because of his grandmother's generosity and can afford to spend several days and nights in Manhattan. They also include expressions which seem ill-formed because they do not follow the grammatical rules of the language. Salinger is one of the best twentieth-century America authors. In this case, the provided solutions are not the explanation of the sense of phraseologisms that, in the compilers intentions, should serve to translate them into the other language. Does Mr. Antolini really make a pass at Holden? Perhaps Holden interacts with it with the innocence and the purity he believes with these characters represents and wears it as a way to connect to them. The consequent need for a unifying function brought about a growth in the political importance of culture. These elements, in English are: personals, demonstratives, and comparatives. In translation, both the source language and the target one are important. Holden seems to feel increasing pressure as he moves toward leaving school, and Salinger manipulates the details of Holdens physical environment to match his protagonists feelings. To show the definition of the translation difficulties and to identify the types that could exist; To describe the main features of J. D. Salingers work The Catcher in the Rye; To make a clear deffinition of the lexical peculiarities and to point the types of this peculiarities for identification of them in the Salinger's work The Catcher in the Rye; To analize Salinger's work and to identify the translation difficulties in The Catcher in the Rye.; To identify the main meaning of the words that were used by the author in the order to point out their function in the context; To point out the usage of the lexical peculiarities and translation difficulties in the analysed text; To investigate grammatical, lexical, stylistic and phraseological difficulties of translation in J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye. Salinger. From this type of the translation difficulties used in this novel point out one of the main feature of authors style which is that the message of the novel could be better reproduse and easily understand by the reader. Salinger uses much of the symbolism to show how the life of the characters has become happy. This is a case of leaving something unsaid which is nevertheless understood. Once an idiom or fixed expression has been recognized and interpreted correctly, the next step is to decide how to translate it into the target language. The term translators false friends (les faux amis) was introduced by the French theorists of translation M. Koessler and J. Derocquigny in 1928. To accomplish this matter we are going to focus our attention on several points that are important elements of the lexical peculiarities and translation difficulties and that reflect in an accurate way the main meanig of the writing and more specifically. The author used a great variety of the types of translation difficulties and these types could be well seen in the third chapter of J. D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye that was chosen in order to point out those types of translation difficulties that exist in the novel. A room. Salinger's language, especially his energetic, realistically sparse dialogue, was revolutionary at the time his first stories were published, and was seen by several critics as "the most distinguishing thing" about his work .Salinger identified closely with his characters, and used techniques such as interior monologue, letters, and extended telephone calls to display his gift for dialogue. Meaning is not some abstract object that is independent of people and culture. Learn which of the following circumstances usually comes before a period of economic contraction? The interjection that was used by the author is Ohwell (J. D. Salinger:7)The interjection used by the author Oh it is possible to express various feelings such as regret, despair, disappointment sorrow, surprise and many others but especially this the author point out to the reader Old Spenser hesitation for giving a clear and interesting answer to Holdens question. For example, his conversation with Carl Luce and his date with Sally Hayes are made unbearable by his rude behavior. Why does Holden wear the red hunting hat? how does this poem differ from traditional sonnets interflora; airmessage vs blue bubbles; southside legend strain effects; abd insurance and financial services; valenzuela city ordinance violation fines; my summer car cheatbox; vfs global japan visa nepal contact number; beaver owl fox dolphin personality test; Community ?>. It was discussed the reasons which led to the negative reactions around The Catcher in the Rye and its repeated banning and removal from schools and high schools reading lists since its first publication until nowadays, and also some similar cases in American literature. Some stupid guy had thrown peanut shells all over the stairs, and I damn near broke my crazy neck. An idiom or fixed expression may have a similar counterpart in the target language, but its context of use may be different; the two expressions may have different connotations, for instance, or they may not be pragmatically transferable. The terms 'explain' or 'explanation,' et cetera is frequently used in arguments. The Catcher in the Rye: Chapter 6 Summary & Analysis SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. CLXXXVIII, No. There are three types of characters speech that could be used in writing and these types are: J. D. Salinger in his novel used all these three types of characters speech in his work The Cather in the Ray. Holden tears the composition up and throws it away angrily. He is a nonconformist. If Fred and Joe address the issue of whether or not Fred's cat has fleas, Joe may state: "Fred, your cat has fleas. In conclusion, there are countless symbols in The Catcher in the Rye. While applying some grammatical or lexical transformation in translation the translator is guided by principle of rendering grammatical of lexical meaning. Only by seeing the real function of the language can people understand why Salinger is a master in rendering and imitating teenagers colloquial speech and thus come closer to the essence of the novel. D.B also was a soilder. Throughout the novel, Holden struggles through teenage life because he cannot accept the given responsibilities that come with growing up. Of all the places in the novel where Holden discusses his hat, the most famous and recognizable symbol in the book, this is probably the most enlightening. And hes also an important influence for writers as Harold Brodkey or the two Pulitzer Prize- winners John Updike and Philip Roth. First of all we should account for the techniques or the main pont of an analyse such as translation dificulties and lexical peculiarities that are used during the Modern Age for pointing out the most esential meaning of the writings that were written during the period. This research paper consist of two chapters. In the same way that the surgeon, operating on the heart, cannot neglect the body that surrounds it, so the translator treats the text in isolation from the culture at his peril. ?>, Order original essay sample specially for your assignment needs, https://phdessay.com/the-importance-of-stradlaters-composition-in-the-catcher-in-the-rye/, The Catcher in The Rye: Depression Catcher, Lexical Pecularities and Translation Difficulties in the Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger., Holder In The Catcher in the Rye By J. D. Salinger, get custom The fact that he keeps the mitt with poems inside, tells the reader that Holden has not let Start your 48-hour free trial to unlock this answer and thousands more. Use of contractions: youll, dont, theyre, thats, isnt, hes. Holden's deep unresolved sadness over the loss of his brother, a person he tells us was better than him,who should not have died at such as young age, indicates that he feels a sense of guilt over being alive Holden questions why he should still be here, when he brother, who was smarter and kinder than him should be dead.One of the central questions that Holden asks in the book, and never receives a satisfactory answer to, is how can a young person die and the world, his family, accept it and move on with their lives. The main difficulties involved in translating idioms and fixed expressions may be summarized as follows: Like single words, idioms and fixed expressions may be culture-specific. The mitt reminds holden of his brother and is the only thing he can be descriptive about so it is what holden writes Stradlater's report on it. During a great period of searching it was identified three types of translation difficulty: In his article `On Linguistic Aspects of Translation', Jacobson distinguished three types of translation: But Dagut's distinction between `translation' and `reproduction', like Catford's distinction between `literal' and `free' translation does not take into account the view that sees translation as semiotic change. This chapter has also centered on presenting the major themes from Salingers literary highpoint, his novel and his Nine Stories collection. He likes it when things are very simple and easily understandable. In The Catcher in the Rye Holdens main purpose was to be free from the suffering. He also says that Allie was an incredibly nice, innocent child. How Holden Mature In Catcher In The Rye - 731 Words | Cram Salinger. It often used in stylistic purposes and therefore a translator runs into two obstacles: he should avoid and at the same time not to break the norms of translation. Metaphor is inherent in language. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. They argued that Salinger's concerns represented an entire generation of American youth, frustrated by the phoniness of the world, just like Holden was. You'll also receive an email with the link. But Holden's interaction with Mr. Antolini is the event that precipitates his full-blown breakdown. Nobodys move. We also see how alienated he feels. The only thing that would be different would be you. All authors agree that dictionaries are not always reliable tools in this sense. Mr. Antolini guesses that Holden feels disconnected from his environment, and, as we have already seen, his assessment is accurate. First and foremost, Stradlater strikes Holden as a "hotshot," which in his lexicon is another word for "phony.". "Aw, the World's a Crumby Place." Holden has already demonstrated that he fears and does not know how to deal with conflict, confusion, and change. American Literature books summary. Traumatized and made acutely aware of the fragility of life by his brother Allie's death, Holden is terrified by the idea of change and disappearance. the catcher in the rye study guide sparknotes web the catcher in the rye is j d salinger s 1951 novel of post war alienation told by angst ridden teen holden caulfield controversial at the time of publication for its frank language it was an instant best The stylistic device that was used by the author in the work is the following hyperbole Hes going to drive me home when I go home next month maybe. Why wouldn't Holden be back to Pencey after Christmas vacation? There are certain elements in every language which make reference to something else within the text or context of situation for their interpretation. Instead of paying attention to the game, he would write poetry on his glove while playing the outfield. Mr. Antolini advises him to begin applying himself and provides Holden with a place to sleep. Belonging doesnt just happen; it involves many factors and experiences. Why does Holden hate Ackley? for a customized plan. Rev. He had lost his athletic scholarship and could not afford tuition. An idiom may be used in the source text in both its literal and idiomatic senses at the same time. why does holden write the composition for stradlater . In the preparatory phase of a translation, cognition, in the form of self-consciousness and self-confidence, plays a very important role, inasmuch as this period implies conscious mental activities, where translating problems are detected and analyzed, and information and knowledge are accumulated. The most important revelation in these chapters comes about when Holden writes the composition for Stradlater, divulging that his brother Allie died of leukemia several years before. I mean thats all I told D.B. Inter-semiotic translation or transmutation (an interpretation of verbal signs of non-verbal sign systems). Contemporary met narratives were becoming less relevant in light of the implications of World War I, the rise of trade unionism, a general social discontent, and the emergence of psychoanalysis. In the book The Catcher in the Rye, in chapter 20, why does Holden do his "bullet in the guts" number again? Salinger. The author wanted to show that with a kind of symbols, like religion or loneliness, life can be happy: a better life is possible. Holden's deep unresolved sadness over the loss of his brother, a person he tells us was better than him, who should not have died at such as young age, indicates that he feels a sense of guilt over being alive. Modernists shared a common purpose. Finally, idioms cannot be syntactically modified. Discount, Discount Code . Edward Sapir claims that `language is a guide to social reality' and that human beings are at the mercy of the language that has become the medium of expression for their society. This is not always so obvious. Then I got the hell out. ; Young goats, their meat, or leather made from their hides. Stradlater wanted holden to write it but he did not want to write it. Furthermore, it should be point out major differences in the translation of Salingers use of colloquial and taboo language in the English and Romanian versions, the Romanian version was the farthest because of its abundant use of euphemisms and euphemistic formulations throughout the book. I tried to rub it off with my hand again, but this one was scratched on, with a knife or something. As mentioned above, the language in The Catcher in the Rye contains many American slang expressions. Salinger probably wanted to establish a temporal perspective and not risk having the reader assume that Holden was writing something like a diary or journal. Davis's LA Timeline Part 1 | Preceden The Catcher In the Rye are both among the most important novels of the twentieth century. There are also expressions that are used in American English only, such as most of the slangy utterances mentioned above.[13]. Such statements may help us understand why the person committed the crime, however an uncritical listener may believe the speaker is trying to gain sympathy for the person and his or her actions. Supplementations of parts of speech are characterized by several factors: difference in structures of the sentences and that short English sentences demand spread translation in the Romanian language. Nobodyd be different. All this explanations or meanings of these words were used in the novel and through these exemples the it could be resulted that the authors vocabulary in this novel is very rich. Therefore omission and supplementation are frequently combined with other types of grammatical transformations and more frequently with substitution of parts of speech. The author used a lot of stylistic devices of these kinds in order to capture readers attention to the smallest elements used by the writer for pointing out those elements that could not be used without those peculiarities of Modernists writers. He had been given an early acceptance to college and was starting the next semester. It occurs in Chapter 22, after Holden has slipped quietly back into his apartment and is speaking with Phoebe. Another important aspect concerning the importance of translations in general, and of Salingers s Romanian version in particular, is that much of the target audience has access to a literary text only through its translation in the TL. The author used a lot of comparison in his work because through this stylistic devices J. D. Salinger introduce to the reader a lot of details of his characters and about his work. . An idiom may be used in the source text in both its literal and idiomatic senses at the same time. There is another problem while translating the English text into Romanian. For most of the book, he sounds like a grumpy old man who is angry at the world, but his search for the ducks represents the curiosity of youth and a joyful willingness to encounter the mysteries of the world. Holden breaks down in tears, and his sister tries to console him. J. D. Salinger with his well-known work The Catcher in the Rye is also one of the main representatives of this literature. He used to be just a regular writer, when he was home. Copyright 2023 Literary Devices. Without a doubt, J.D. Holden is an immature boy who in trying to seem older tends to lean more towards phoniness, a quality he despises in others. Arguments and explanations largely resemble each other inrhetoricaluse. Works Cited Salinger, J. D. The Catcher in the Rye. Idiom generally have three characteristics: Translation is an exacting art. During a period was established that Salinger's writing has influenced several prominent writers, prompting Harold Brodkey (himself an O. Henry Award-winning author) to state in 1991: "His is the most influential body of work in English prose by anyone since Hemingway." Literary translators can also use the interpretation of other critics, the options of other native speakers of both the SL and the TL, and the help of numerous dictionaries (but this type of support is limited in ideas). But he refuses to acknowledge this fear, expressing it only in a few instancesfor example, when he talks about sex and admits that [s]ex is something I just don't understand. Because of this fact, a translation based on a one-to-one substitution of words is seldom acceptable. Through this hyperbole the author wanted to point out to the reader what could do one little English job through this stylistic device the author intensify the functions of a little English job.. As he says to Mr. Spencer, he feels trapped on the other side of life, and he continually attempts to find his way in a world in which he feels he doesn't belong. He has a cynical, oversimplified view of other people, and a large part of his fantasy world is based on the idea that children are simple and innocent while adults are superficial and hypocritical. It is like when polysemantic words in English and other languages do not coincide in their lexical-semantic variants and the same is when differ the function of identical stylistic device. Your subscription will continue automatically once the free trial period is over. But Holden cannot think of anything to say about a house or a room, so he writes about a baseball glove that his brother Allie used to copy poems onto in green ink. Stradlater had said the composition was supposed to be a simple description of a room, a house, or something similarly straightforward. Want 100 or more? The first chapter of this study shall define the notion of Translation difficulties and present the representatives of the Modern period and some critics about one of the representative of this period which is J. In this Research Paper we have investigated various translation difficulties of from English into Russian. creating and saving your own notes as you read. Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. You may cancel your subscription on your Subscription and Billing page or contact Customer Support at custserv@bn.com. Thus, an important conclusion and argument in favor of C. Ionescus translation is that the first version is full of examples that lead to the idea of the need for a second translation in Romanian, examples which may not have been obvious without such an analytical comparison. The mitt is representative of a "loss of innocence". There are different kinds of difficulties that appear during the process of translation and one of the main is lexical difficulties which is one of the main .Lexical difficulties in translation deals especially with the word meaning. In translation from English to other languages it is faced the conflict of two completely different cultures, levels of development, customs and traditions.
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